Qualitative and Quantitative Research Designs

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Designs
In contrast to naturalistic qualitative research which has a phenomenological philosophy, quantitative research has a positivistic philosophy. In quantitative research, generalizations are constructed from the average diversity of individuals or the average frequency, by monitoring possible errors. Quantitative research methodology requires a research design that specifies its object explicitly eliminated from other objects not examined.
In quantitative research data collected more numbers than photos, pictures or words. By understanding the definitions and characteristics of qualitative and quantitative research, as well as the action research above, it can then be planned or determined how to combine the three methods effectively.

Research design according to Mc Millan in Ibnu Hadjar is a plan and structure of inquiry that is used to obtain empirical evidence in answering research questions. Another definition says that the design (design) of research is a plan or design created by researchers, as a threat to the activities to be carried out.
This research design is a framework or detailed work procedures that will be carried out at the time of research, so it is expected to provide an overview and direction of what will be done in carrying out the research, as well as provide an overview if the research has been completed or completed the study is in force. A good research design can facilitate us in conducting research.

This type of research design is seen from various perspectives, including:
The research design is seen from the formulation
Explorative Research
Research on hypothesis testing
Research design based on data collection methods;
Observation research
Survey Research
The research design is seen from the control of variables by the researcher;
Experimental research
Ex post facto research
Research design according to its purpose;
Descriptive research
Comparative research
Associative research
Research design according to the time dimension;
Time Series Research
Cross Section Research
Research Design seen from the study environment can be grouped;
Field Study
Field Experiments
Laboratory Experiments
Generally the research design consists of; research title or topic, background of the research problem, affirmation of the problem, research objectives, usefulness of research results, theoretical basis, literature review, methodology (sampling techniques, data collection methods, and data analysis methods), work schedule steps, and financing. But in particular, the various research designs also have different sections.

Elements of the Debate
An activity can be called a debate if it has several elements

Have a motion. Emotions are topics that will be debated and have a conventional nature. The motion is very important because in a debate there are pros and cons.
The debate must have a pro or an affirmative party that agrees with the motion that has been given. The pro will give a speech in advance about the reasons why supporting the statement in the motion.
opposition parties or counter parties who do not agree with the motion that has been given. The counter party will refute the affirmative statement.
neutral parties or parties that do not put support and are not biased towards one
In the debate there must be a moderator in charge of leading and managing the debate. The rules of debate, introducing each party, and the submission of motions will be carried out by the moderator.
The debate must also have debate participants who are entitled to determine the final decision with the debate jury. In some debates, participants do not take part in determining the final decision but if voting is needed, then the participants will usually be counted on their votes.
The last element is the existence of a writer or minutes of note in charge of recording matters related to ongoing debates such as the motion of the debate, the statement of the moderator, the submission of each team or party, and the results of the final decision.